On this day in 1941, German authorities established the Krakow ghetto in German-occupied Poland. Here, Jews are shown moving to the ghetto. Nearly 20,000 Jews were imprisoned behind barbed wire and stone. Residents would stand in line for hours for food, and sometimes there was nothing to buy. Many were assigned to backbreaking jobs at forced labor camps. Among them was an enamelworks factory owned by Oskar Schindler, who rescued hundreds of Jews. But most of the Krakow ghetto residents were not

"If you don't know the history, you'll never know when it's being repeated." At just 4 years old, Michael Zamczyk and his family escaped the Krakow ghetto using false papers. Separated for a time and hidden by a Catholic couple, he survived under assumed identities until liberation in Prague. Before the war, over 60,000 Jews lived in Krakow. By its end, only a small fraction returned. Hear stories like Michael’s directly from those who lived through them — request a Survivor Speaker and help kee