Background The knowledge of 3-dimensional (3D) scapular kinematics is essential for understanding the pathological lesions of shoulder and elbow in throwing athletes. To date, a number of studies ...

Background This study set out to offer a three-dimensional description of scapular kinematics and scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR) of healthy subjects during arm elevation and lowering, as well as to ...

You may have heard of the scapula before, though it is more commonly called the shoulder blade. Scapulas play a very important role in the way your arms, shoulders, and back move. The scapula is a ...

The Serratus anterior (SA) isn’t the easiest muscle to work on. That’s mainly because its function doesn’t exactly revolve around contracting and moving a joint through range of motion. Its main job ...

The serratus anteriora muscle that originates on the top surface of the eight or nine upper ribs. The serratus anterior muscle inserts exactly at the front border of the scapula, or shoulder blade.

A 39-year-old man presents to his GP with sudden onset severe pain in the left shoulder and arm, following a recent episode of influenza. The gentleman gives no history of trauma and has not had any ...